Resources gathered by the survey on preservation standards (2016)

To identify and develop standards, guidelines and best practices for the collection and preservation of content in its diverse form (as stated in the IFLA Key Initiative 3.2.1), it was decided to conduct an extensive survey in the library sector to establish currently used standards, guidelines and best practices for material in any format. The survey was conducted between August and October 2016.

During the survey, the following resources were collected:

• Physical/analogue collections
• Digital collections
• Preservation strategies for analogue/physical materials
• Digitisation strategies
• Digital preservation strategies
• Disaster risk preparedness plans
• Staff training and capacity building resources

Physical/analogue collections

The following standards, best practises, and guidelines were received.

Audio

• IASA-TC04

Bookbinding

• Guidelines for the conservation of leather and parchment bookbindings
  Royal Library of the Netherlands

Classification

• AACR2 DDC
• ISO 2709 Information and documentation – Format for information exchange 
• MARC

Codes of Ethics

• Conservation treatment and preventive conservation AICCM – Australian Institute for Conservation of Cultural materials – Code of Ethics Collection Storage
• ECCO Code of Ethics

Collection care

• IFLA Principles for the Care and Handling of Library Material
• IFLA, 2005: "First, do not harm. A register of Standards, Codes and Practice Guidelines, Recommendations and Similar Works relating to Preservation and Conservation in Libraries and Archives"
• Institute of Conservation professional standards
• ISO 16245:2009
  Boxes, file covers and other enclosures, made from cellulosic materials, for storage of paper and parchment documents – North America, Japan
• BS PD 5454:2016 – Europe, North America, Asia, Australia             
• Recommendations from Northeast Document Conservation Centre 
• PAS 197 2009 (Code of practice for cultural collections management)
• DISA Guidelines for Best Practice No 2
• Benchmarks in Collection Care
  Collections Trust  
• Basic preservation for library and archive collections
  British Library, 2013 
• Collections Conservation Manual for the Collections Care Section is the standard protocol for treatment for the General and Reference Collections
  Library of Congress 
• Dry cleaning: brush dust off (Japanese)  
• Dry cleaning: dust off with granules of eraser (Japanese)  
• Libraries collection protection regulations  

Conservation Policies

• Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Conservation Policy 
• AIC Preservation risk assessment

Environment

• ANSI/NISO Z39.79-2001 (R2011)
• ASHRAE (2011) 
• BS EN 15757:2010
  Conservation of cultural property. Specifications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials 
• ISO 11799:2015 
  Document storage requirements for archive and library materials 
• NISO-TR01-1995  
• PAS 198:2012
  Specification for managing environmental conditions for cultural collections. British Standard Institution 
• National State Standard Р 8.586-2001
  "Means of measuring the characteristics of natural and artificial light to ensure the preservation of museum exhibits. Methods of verification"  
• "Guide for inventory and storage of museum values which are in public museums in the USSR"
  (М.,1984.151 p.)   

Library binding

• ANSI/NISO Z39.78-2000 (R2010)
• ISO 14416:2003 
  Requirements for binding of books, periodicals, serials and other paper documents for archive and library use – methods and materials 

Microfilm

• ISO TC 171

Paper

• ISO 11108 :1996
• ISO 9706:1994 
  Paper for documents – requirements for permanence 
• National State Standard 7.50-2002 CONSERVATION OF DOCUMENTS
  General requirements 
• National State Standard 7.48-2002. CONSERVATION OF DOCUMENTS
  Terms and Definitions  

Photographs

• ISO 18916 PAT
  test for storage materials for photographic material
• ISO 18934:2011
  Imaging materials — Multiple media archives — Storage environment 

Storage

• NARA 1571 (2002) 
• RA-FS 2013-04 National Archives recommendations for storage
• SS-EN 15946 Methods for packing and transport  

National Library Plans

• Estonia: Action plan for collection development and preservation 2015-2018 
• Lithuania: The Strategy for the Digitization of the Lithuanian Cultural Heritage, Digital
• Content Preservation and Access and its Implementation Framework

Related projects

Metamorfoze
Netherlands' national programme for the preservation of paper heritage. The Metamorfoze programme started in 1997 and is situated in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library of the Netherlands). Metemorfoze standards have been picked up by Cambridge University and Getty Research Institute.

Digital collections

The following standards, best practises, and guidelines were received.

Digitisation (most popular)

• FADGI
  Federal Agency Digitization Guidelines Initiative
• Library of Congress Resources
• Digital formats: a work in progress 
• CLIR
  National Recording Preservation Plan   

Digitisation (general)

• Estàndards de digitalització
  requeriments mínims recurs en format 
• Barcelona : Biblioteca de Catalunya : Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya (CBUC): Col·legi Oficial de Bibliotecaris-Documentalistes de Catalunya, 2013
• A Checklist for Museum Collections Management Policy
  Maija Ekosaari; Sari Jantunen; Leena Paaskoski. Helsinki: 2014 
• From Theory to Action: “Good Enough” Digital Preservation Solutions for Under-Resourced Cultural Heritage Institutions
  A Digital POWRR White Paper for the Institute of Museum and Library Services. Jaime Schumacher; Lynne M. Thomas; Drew VandeCreek. IMLS: 2014
• CODE OF ETHICS AND CODE OF PRACTICE
  Australian Institute for Conservation of Cultural Material, 2002

ISO standards used for digital collections

• ISO 11799:2015 
  Information and documentation — Document storage requirements for archive and library materials
• ISO 14721:2012
  (OAIS) Space data and information transfer systems — Open archival information system (OAIS) — Reference model
• ISO 15489:2016 
  Information and documentation — Records management
• ISO 16363:2012 (TRAC)
  Space data and information transfer systems — Audit and certification of trustworthy digital repositories 
• ISO 20652:2006
  (PAIMAS) Space data and information transfer systems — Producer-archive interface — Methodology abstract standard

We also asked for standards, guidelines and best practises around born digital content:

Born digital

• You've Got to Walk Before You Can Run
  First Steps for Managing Born-Digital Content Received on Physical Media by Ricky Erway, OCLC Research 

Related projects

On developing a practice for born digital on physical media material:

• 117 Stanford UniLIb
  Born Digital Forensics Lab is still in the formative stage and under active development

We received some storage of digital material information:

Storage

• Description of British Library long term repository

We also asked what standards, guidelines, and best practises are used for digital and analogue media collections:

Audio

• BWF                      
• Wav/Wave        
• IASA-TC 04
  Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects 

Audiovisual

• IASA-TC 05
  Handling and Storage of Audio and Video Carriers 
• Guggenheim preservation model:
  • High definition video 
  • Analog Standard Definition Video
  • Digital Standard Definition Video
• IFLA Guidelines for Audiovisual and Multimedia Materials in Library IFLA – Audiovisual and multimedia    

Image

• JPEG; JPEG2000 2
• TIFF                                       
• 300 DPI colour                  
• National Library Australia Image Capture Standard 
• Digital practice: guidelines for digitising images in NSW public libraries 
• Metamorfoze Preservation Imaging Guidelines

Metadata

• Dublin Core                       
• METS; METS-based format; METS ALTO                 
• MODS                                  
• PREMIS; BC XML model based on PREMIS             
• Metadata Standards Framework / Metadata Implementation Schema of the National Library of New Zealand (July 2003)
• Data and metadata: formats and implementation choices at the BnF 
• German National Library
  Technical metadata set for born digital objects

Preservation strategies for analogue/physical materials

Resources (These are the resources shared in the survey)

National Libraries

• Australia: part of the Library's Corporate Plan
• Brazil
• Estonia: Action plan for collection development and preservation 2015-2018 
• Estonia: Collection Development Policy for Estonian Web Archive 
• Finland: Preservation Policy 
• France: Conservation Charter
• France: Preservation Policy Summary
• Japan: National Diet Library: Preservation of the National Diet Library's Collections
• Lithuania: Strategy for the Digitization of the Lithuanian Cultural Heritage, Digital Content Preservation and Access 
• Malaysia: Pelan Strategik PNM (2014-2018) (Malay Language) 
• Malaysia: Dasar Pemuliharaan Sumber Perpustakaan (Malay Language) 
• Netherlands: Collection care plan
• Russia: Strategy for preservation of the collections 
• Russia: National Programme for preservation of library collections of the Russian Federation
• Scotland: National Library of Scotland Moving Image Preservation Strategy
• Spain: Plan de Preservación y Acceso al Documento 2011-2015
• USA

Other institutions 

• Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
• Biblioteca de Catalunya
• Milner Library, Illinois State University
• Smithsonian Libraries: Directive 600
• Stanford University Libraries

Digitisation strategies

Resources (These are the resources shared in the survey)

National libraries

• Australia: National Library's Collection Digitisation Policy 
• Brazil  
• Canada
• Czechia: Digital documents registration and treatment process monitoring  
• Estonia: Strategy of National Library of Estonia includes a perspective to digitize all Estonian publications   
• Estonia: Yearly digitization strategy is described in the Annual Reproduction Programme  
• Finland: Digitisation policy
• France: Global digital strategy
• Germany: Data Policy of the National Library 
• Germany: Digitisation Strategy of the German National Library 2014–2016 
• Japan: National Diet Library: Basic Plan for Digitization of National Diet Library's Collections 2016–2020 (Japanese)
• Malaysia: Garis Panduan Pendigitalan Koleksi Perpustakaan (Malay Language) 
• Malaysia: Dasar Pendigitalan Koleksi Perpustakaan (Malay Language) 
• Netherlands
• Peru
• Poland: The digitization strategy is based on the Chapter 4 of "Digitalization of library materials", the publication of the National Library of Poland 
• Spain   
• Spain   
• Spain 
• Switzerland   

Other institutions

• Tokyo Institute of Technology
• State Library of Queensland, Australia
• Smithsonian Libraries
  Smithsonian Directive 609
• Stanford University Libraries: Our strategy for digitization is best articulated on our Digitization Services pages

Digital preservation strategies

Resources (These are the resources shared in the survey)

National Libraries

• Bibliothèque nationale de France 
• National Library of Brazil 
• Bibliothèque nationale de France 
• The National Library of Finland  
• National Library of Australia, Digital Preservation Policy 
• German National Library Preservation Policy and Preservation Strategy 
• National Diet Library, Basic Plan for Long-Term Preservation of Digital Materials at the National Diet Library (Japanese) 
• National Library of Poland (Polish)
• National Library of Estonia Digital preservation strategy for Estonian Digital Archive DIGAR 
• National Library of Malaysia Dasar Pendigitalan Koleksi Perpustakaan (Malay Language) and Garis Panduan Pendigitalan Koleksi Perpustakaan (Malay Language) 
• National Library of Spain
• National Library of Spain
• British Library 
• National Library of the Czech Republic   

Other institutions:

• Stanford University Libraries, Stanford Digital Repository Overview  
• Northwestern University Libraries 
• State Library of Queensland, Australia
• CERDOTOLA 

Related projects

• Project under development in Oxbridge: Polonsky Programme     

Disaster risk preparedness plans

Resources (These are the resources shared in the survey)

National Libraries:

• Bibliothèque nationale de France   
• National Library of South Africa 
• Swiss National Library   
• National Library of Brazil 
• National Library of Australia 
• National Diet Library, National Diet Library Disaster Preparedness Guideline 

Other institutions:

• Smithsonian Libraries   
• Institute of Museum and Library Services
• Instiute of Museum and Library Services    
• Research Library of Tomsk State University   
• State Library of Queensland, Australia Counter disaster plan 

Staff training and capacity building resources

Resources (These are the resources shared in the survey)

National Libraries

• Bibliothèque nationale de France, Training in conservation and Training for emergency plan
• National Library of South Africa Training manual based on information obtained from NEDCC 
• National Library of Brazil 
• The National Library of Scotland 
• Belize National Library Service and Information System/National Heritage Library   
• Bibliothèque nationale de France 
• National library of Thailand 
• The Federal State Budget Institution "the National Library of Russia" 1. Velikova, T.D., Mamaeva N.Yu., Trepova E.S. Dedusting and Mass Disinfection of Documents at the National Library of Russia//Revista Romana de Conservare si Restaurare a Cartii, National Library of Romania, Bucharest. 2011, N.4.P.11-16. and S.Dobrusina, T.Velikova. Mass disinfection of documents affected by Microorganisms: one practical experience//65th IFLA Council and General conference, August 20-28 1999.Bangkok, 1999. and 2. Dobroussina S.A., Velikova T.D. Biocidal evaluation on efficacy of document treatment// La Conservation: Une Science en évolution. Bilans et Perspectives/Actes des Troisièmes Journées Internationales d'études de l'ARSAG. Paris – 21AU 25AVRIL 1997. P. 339. 3. Mamaeva N.Yu, Velikova T.D. Monitoring of emergency situations in the regional
• The National Library of the Philippines Consolidated Guidelines based from the following sources: Guidelines for Preservation, Conservation, and Restoration of Local History and Local Genealogical Materials; Workshops by the Society of Filipino Archivits; Trainings/lectures sponsored by the Federal Republic of Germany through the German Embassy Manila and local training and seminars in archiving, preservation and conservation in libraries
• Library of Congress 
• National Diet Library IFLA Disaster Preparedness and Planning: a Brief Manual; Recommendations for cleaning and restoring damaged photos and albums; Small-scale water damage manual (Japanese); Drying wet materials; Cleaning mold-damaged materials 

Other institutions:

• University of South Africa
• University of South Africa 
• National Archives of South Africa    
• Northwestern University Libraries 
• The Urban Unit 
• Milner Library, Illinois State University, analog preservation AIC; Preservation Self-Assessment Tool Format ID 
• Canadian Conservation Institute 
• Image Permanence Institute (IPI) 
• Research Library of Tomsk State University
  • 1. Реставрация и стабилизация листовых документов и графических произведений  
  • 2. Сохранение документов в библиотеках